Profile and Trends in Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in Ananindeua-PA: Epidemiological Analysis (2013-2022)
Andreia Coelho Oliveira Pereira
Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Leticia Abreu Da Rocha
Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Lanna Talia Felipe de Matos
Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA), Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil.
Werllison Mateus Silva Lobato
Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Danielle Etienne de Oliveira Bezerra Lima
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado do Pará e Universidade Federal do Amazonas (PPGENF/UEPA-UFAM), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Bruna Rafaela da Silva Sousa
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Pará (PPGNBC/UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Barbara Alves Ruela de Azevedo Ruivo
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Tropicais, Universidade Federal do Pará (PPGDT/ UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Marcela Raíssa Asevedo Dergan
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará e Instituto Evandro Chagas (PPGBPA/UEPA/IEC), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Yasmin Martins de Sousa *
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Pará (PPGENF/UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital admissions for respiratory system diseases in the municipality of Ananindeua-PA, between 2013 and 2022, highlighting morbidity, mortality patterns, and associated factors.
Study Design: The research was descriptive, retrospective, and quantitative, based on the analysis of secondary data.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil, covering the period from January 2013 to December 2022.
Methodology: Data were collected from the Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) using the TabNet/DATASUS platform. Variables analyzed included year of care, sex, age group, color/race, nature of admission (urgent or elective), and number of deaths. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel-2019, with results presented in tables and graphs.
Results: Between 2013 and 2022, Ananindeua recorded 35,281 hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, with pneumonia being the leading cause (22,804 cases). Most hospitalizations were urgent (99%). Women accounted for 53% of admissions, while men had the highest death rates (55.12%). The most affected age group was 1 to 4 years (17.46%), followed by young adults aged 20 to 39. Regarding color/race, 70.41% of the records lacked this information, but among the reported cases, brown individuals were the most prevalent (27.81%). The total number of deaths during the period was 1,290, with the highest occurrence among those aged 80 and over (26.74%).
Conclusion: The study revealed that respiratory diseases remain a significant public health challenge in Ananindeua, primarily affecting young children, young adults, and the elderly. Urgent hospitalizations were predominant, and higher mortality rates were observed among men and older populations. Strengthening Primary Health Care (PHC) is crucial to prevent avoidable hospitalizations, and further research is needed to explore racial and social disparities observed in the data.
Keywords: Hospital admissions, nursing, respiratory diseases, racial