Archives of Current Research International

Background: Guava (Psidium guajava) leaves posses a favourable nutritional composition, highlighting their potential as a promising alternative feed resources for livestock production. Phenolic compounds are a diverse group of secondary metabolites commonly present in plant derived foods. They can be broadly classified into water soluble forms, including phenolic acids, flavonoids and quinones and water insoluble forms such as condensed tannins and lignins. Their structural complexity varies considerably ranging from simple molecules such as vanillin to highly complex polyphenolic compounds including stilbens and flavonoids.

Aim: The present study investigates the phytochemical profile of guava leaf extracts through the identification and quantification of flavonoids, phenolic compounds and water soluble and fat-soluble vitamins using LC-MS/MS analysis and to evaluate their potential nutritional and therapeutic significance for human and animal health.

Methodology: Guava leaf extracts were subjected to LC-Tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) analysis for the identification and quantification of bioactive compounds. Major flavonoids, phenolic acids and vitamins present in the extracts were analysed. Flavonoids including quecetin and rutin, phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid and cinnamic acid along with water and fat soluble vitamins were detected and quantified to assess their nutritional and functional properties.

Results: LC-MS/MS analysis demonstrated the presence of high concentrations of biologically active flavonoids, particularly quercetin and rutin which are recognised for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Significant levels of phenolic acids including p-coumaric acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid and cinnamic acid were also identified indicating strong antimicrobial and cardioprotective potential. Guava leaves were further found to contain appreciable amounts of vitamins, especially B-complex vitamins and vitamin E contributing to antioxidant defense and immune enhancement. The phytochemical composition confirmed the rich nutraceutical value of guava leaves. Guava leaves possess a rich profile of bioactive phytochemicals and vitamins with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and immune boosting properties.

Conclusion: The findings highlight their potential applications in nutraceuticals, functional foods and animal feed supplementation with significant implications for enhancing health, improving productivity and disease resistance.